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KMID : 0360220120530101480
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Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society
2012 Volume.53 No. 10 p.1480 ~ p.1487
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The Effect of Breath-Hold Diving on Intraocular Pressure, Optic Nerve, Visual Field in Korean Haenyeo (Female Divers)
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Lee Eung
Yang Jae-Wook
Kwon Jeong-Do
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Abstract
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Purpose: To examine how breath-hold diving activities of Korean haenyeo female divers affect intraocular pressure (IOP), optic nerve and visual field (VF).
Methods: Basic ophthalmologic tests were performed for a group of breath-hold female divers (26 eyes) and a control group of non-divers (26 eyes) and the results compared between the 2 groups. For the breath-hold female diver group, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the patterns of breath-hold diving and the correlation with abnormalities in IOP, optic nerve and VF analyzed.
Results: IOP was significantly higher in the diver group (diver group: 15.00 ± 3.76 mm Hg, control group: 13.93 ± 2.36 mm Hg, p < 0.05). Between the 2 groups, the cup area (diver group: 1.21 ± 0.60 mm2, control group: 0.83 ± 0.46 mm2, p < 0.05), the cup-to-disc (C/D) ratio (diver group: 0.44 ± 0.21, control group: 0.31 ± 0.14, p < 0.05), and the vertical C/D ratio (diver group: 0.70 ± 0.17, control group: 0.51 ± 0.12, p < 0.05) were also significantly different. A significant correlation between working hours per day and IOP (r = 0.44, p < 0.05), between diving depth and RNFL defect, and cup area, and vertical C/D ratio (r = 0.43, r = 0.41, r = 0.39, p < 0.05) was observed.
Conclusions: Subjects who breath-hold dive for a long period, such as Korean Haenyeo, need to have a glaucoma test regularly.
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KEYWORD
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Ama, Breath-hold diving, Haenyeo (female divers), Intraocular pressure, Optic nerve
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